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Lake Karachay ((ロシア語:Карача́й)), sometimes spelled Karachai or Karachaj, is a small lake in the southern Ural mountains in central Russia. Starting in 1951,〔(Lake Karachay )〕 the Soviet Union used Karachay as a dumping site for radioactive waste from Mayak, the nearby nuclear waste storage and reprocessing facility, located near the town of Ozyorsk (then called Chelyabinsk-40). ==Current status== (詳細はWashington, D.C.-based Worldwatch Institute on nuclear waste, Karachay is the most polluted spot on Earth.〔Lenssen, "Nuclear Waste: The Problem that Won't Go Away", Worldwatch Institute, Washington, D.C., 1991: 15.〕 The lake accumulated some 4.44 exabecquerels (EBq) of radioactivity over less than 1 square mile of water,〔(Chelyabinsk-65 )〕 including 3.6 EBq of caesium-137 and 0.74 EBq of strontium-90.〔 For comparison, the Chernobyl disaster released from 5 to 12 EBq of radioactivity over thousands of square miles. The sediment of the lake bed is estimated to be composed almost entirely of high level radioactive waste deposits to a depth of roughly . The radiation level in the region near where radioactive effluent is discharged into the lake was 600 röntgens per hour (approximately 6 Sv/h) in 1990, according to the Washington, D.C.-based Natural Resources Defense Council,〔 〕〔(Wise Nc; Soviet Weapons Plant Pollution )〕 sufficient to give a lethal dose to a human within an hour. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lake Karachay」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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